Gaspee Virtual Archives 
Research Notes on Daniel Vaughan

The Gaspee Days Committee at www.gaspee.COM is a civic-minded nonprofit organization that runs a list of many varied community events in Rhode Island, including the famous Gaspee Days Parade each June.  These events are all designed to commemorate the burning of the hated British revenue schooner, HMS Gaspee , by Rhode Island patriots in 1772 as a proximate cause of the American Revolution. Our historical research center, the Gaspee Virtual Archives at www.gaspee.ORG , has presented these research notes as an attempt to gather further information on one who has been suspected of being associated with the the burning of the Gaspee. Please e-mail your comments or further questions to webmaster@gaspee.org.

This web page presents research notes on Daniel Vaughan only.  None of the information is considered authoritative at the present time.


Evidence implicating Daniel Vaughan:
Well, of course, there is no information whatsoever implicating Daniel Vaughan in the burning of the Gaspee in 1772.  He was apparently serving on a Rhode Island based cargo sloop shortly after the attack, and came to be involved in the subsequent investigation based on his testimony about what he saw of the treatment of the indentured servant Aaron Briggs aboard the Beaver. Excerpted from Staples' Documentary History of the Destruction of the Gaspee. p 79:

I, Daniel Vaughan, of Newport, in the colony of Rhode Island, being of lawful age, do depose and say: That sometime in the summer last past, being in a sloop taking out some old iron from the wreck of the Gaspee, and afterwards going down to Newport in said sloop in company with Capt. Linzee, in his Majesty's ship the Beaver, one morning, not far from the island of Prudence, I saw a small boat alongside the Beaver, and immediately told the people on board the sloop, that somebody had gone on board the Beaver that night; A few days afterwards, as the Beaver lay at Newport, near the fort, I was ordered to haul the sloop I was in alongside a schooner, which then lay alongside the Beaver, in order to take out some sugar; and going on board the Beaver, I saw a mulatto fellow under the forecastle in irons. I said unto him, "so you are one of the rogues that have been burning the Gaspee;" he replied, "he never saw her, nor knew anything about her;'' I then asked him what he came there for; he answered, ' 'his master had used him badly, and he was determined to leave him." Two or three days afterwards, being on board said schooner, I heard Capt. Linzee order said mulatto to be carried out of the Beaver on board said schooner, and then to be tied up to the mast and whipped; and after he was laid hold on, and they were about to tie him up to the mast, he began to declare he knew some of the people that burnt the Gaspee, and that Simeon Potter, John Brown and others, (whose names I have forgot,) were concerned therein. Upon this confession, he was released from a whipping, sent on board the Beaver, where I afterwards saw him in irons on the quarter deck.
DANIEL VAUGHAN.
PROVIDENCE, sc.
PROVIDENCE, Jan. 16th, 1773.
Daniel Vaughan appeared in person and made solemn oath to the truth of the foregoing declaration, unto which he has subscribed, before
DARIUS SESSIONS.
Deputy Governor.
__________
PROVIDENCE, Jan. 18, 1773.
SIR:—In consequence of an application made unto me in writing, signed by Barzillai Richmond, Joseph Brown and John Brown, I summoned Daniel Vaughan and took his deposition relative to what he knew respecting the treatment of the mulatto Aaron on board the Beaver, and I herewith inclose it to your honor.

I had not done it but our river is fast shut up, and it is very uncertain when Mr. Vaughan will reach Newport. I choose Mr. Vaughan should give his deposition before the commissioners, if he arrives in season for that purpose; but if he doth not, and you think proper to make use of what I now send, you have liberty to improve it in any way you think it may promote truth and justice.

I am, sir, your humble servant,
DARIUS SESSIONS.
Gov. WANTON.
In summarizing the effect of the above, Robinson states in Revolutionary Fire that:
Aaron Briggs appeared and gave his testimony. Previously refuted by the Tompkins family and their servants, further doubt was now cast upon it in a deposition given to Governor Wanton by Daniel Vaughan. Vaughan was a witness to the fact that Aaron claimed knowledge of the Gaspee burning only after being whipped by Captain Linzee.

Thus, Daniel Vaughan was the pre-eminent witness to discredit the testimony of Aaron Briggs.  It is very much of interest that Vaughan was discovered, perhaps recruited, as a material witness by none other than Dep. Gov. Darius Sessions, who led a deliberate effort to deceive and obstifrucate the Commission of Inquiry. We also note that while Daniel Vaughan lived in Newport, his business on the sloop probably often brought him up Narragansett Bay to Providence, where he most probably was well acquainted with many of those that took part in the attack on the Gaspee.  It was also likely, then, that Darius Sessions recruited his testimony while he was in Providence.

We first run into the name of Daniel Vaughan as testifying in a maritime case related to his service as a Lieutenant aboard the Prince Charles of Lorraine, commanded by Simeon Potter c1746-1748. He testified that Simeon Potter took seven Indians and three negroes from the Jesuit missionery, and intimidated over 20 crewmen to leave the ship before collected their share of the profits from privateering, which Potter then pocketed. [Howe, M. A. De Wolfe Bristol, Rhode Island :  T own Biography (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930)]

It is also very interesting that we next run across the name of Daniel Vaughan to be associated with an important insurrection in Newport.  From the website of the Artillery Company of Newport:

With the conclusion of the War in 1763, Britain began enforcing restrictions on trade and levying direct taxes on the Colonies. These were intended to pay for the cost of defending the Colonies, but nevertheless these actions were unpopular and were resisted.

In 1764 crewmembers from HMS St. John got into trouble in Newport after they had stolen some chickens and hogs from the townsfolk. Others, while trying to apprehend a deserter, were assaulted by citizens of Newport. The ship attempted to sail, but two members of the Governor's Council ordered the Company to fire the guns at Fort George in an attempt to stop its departure. A gun under the command of Daniel Vaughan fired eight shots damaging the main sail. When asked why he did not sink the St. John, Vaughan replied that his orders did not allow him to do such an act, but that he could only fire to disable.

We note that one of the Gaspee Commissioners, Frederick Smythe, attempted in vain to broaden the scope of the inquiry to included this shelling of the customs sloop St. John, but was turned back by Governor Wanton saying that the gunner of the fort "was in town and could fully explain the affair." (see Staples, p96). Perhaps, had he been subpoenaed to appear before the Commission, they would have recognized that Vaughan's previous testimony regarding Briggs would be more suspect, coming as it were from one who had previously fired on one of His Majesty's ships.

Daniel Vaughan's name, however, reappears in a very curious place at the start of the Revolution. From: Congress and the Continental Navy, 1775-1783: Chronology and Documents at: http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/revwar/chron.htm
22 December 1775 The Marine Committee appointed the following officers, with the approval of Congress:
Commander-in-Chief: Esek Hopkins
Captains: Dudley Saltonstall, Abraham Whipple, Nicholas Biddle, John B. Hopkins
First Lieutenants: John Paul Jones, Rhodes Arnold, Eli Stansbury, Hoysted Hacker, Jonathan Pitcher
Second Lieutenants: Benjamin Seabury, Joseph Olney, Elisha Warner, Thomas Weaver, James McDougall
Third Lieutenants: John Fanning, Ezekiel Burroughs, Daniel Vaughan
Thus, we see that the chief counterwitness to the potentially damaging testimony of Aaron Briggs had previous personal experience in attacking the British, and went on to distinguished service in the American cause during the Revolution, in the company of such notables as John Paul Jones. Was this definitely the same Daniel Vaughan? Probably.  We know that all three instances were in Rhode Island, in the same decade, involved in maritime pursuits, and seemed to be playing on the same side.

Genealogical Information:
We're not quite sure where to turn in this case.  The following candidates are extracted from LDS, Ancestry.com, and Google searches on Daniel Vaughan. We know he considered himself to be from Newport, but that doesn't tell us if he was born there.


That's all the evidence we have for now folks. If you know more, please e-mail us at webmaster@gaspee.org.  Thanks!

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Originally Posted to Gaspee Virtual Archives 10/2004    Last Revised 06/2006    DanielVaughan.html